DICTATION AND DICTO-COMP • A form of controlled writing related to dictation is dicto-comp. Here, a paragraph is read at normal speed, usually two or three times, then the teacher asks the students to rewrite the paragraph from the best of their recollection. GRAMMATICAL TRANSFORMATION TASKS • Numerous version of the tasks are possible: change the tenses in paragraph, change full forms of verbs to reduce forms (contractions), change statements to yes/no or wh- questions, change questions into statements, combine two sentences into one using a relative pronoun, change direct speech into indirect speech, and change from active to passive voice. PICTURE-CUED TASKS • SHORT SENTENCES, a drawing of some simple action is shown; the test-takers write a brief sentence. • PICTURE DESCRIPTION, test-takers are asked to describe the picture using four of the following proposition: on, over, under, next to, around, etc. • PICTURE SEQUENCE DESCRIPTION, a sequence ...
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